Although Matei Basarab was not a scholar, he knew how to entice to his court the most erudite men of his time: Udriste Nasturel, Ignatie de Ramnic, Stefan and Teofil, Pantelimon Ligaridis.

Coresi's printing program is resumed when two printing presses are brought into the country, with Petru Movila's support. One of them will be set up in Campulung – where four books will be printed – and the other one first in Govora, after which it will be taken to Dealu monastery, and eventually to Targoviste, where 21 books will be printed. Judicial and cult books were printed for the romanians from the three countries, but also for other South-Eastern Europe christian countries. Matei Basarab supported bishop Petru Movila's fight against protestant influence over the purity of the orthodox faith. He also encouraged the arts of calligraphy and miniature, complementary arts that will embellish printed books.

A cultural policy was developed in order to dower cult houses with books. All these cultural achievements had not been possible without an unflinching economic and adminitrative policy. Not to mention the expansion of the cultivated areas, salt and minerals extraction, trade with The Gate and The West.